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Topic guide · For Canadians

Sell to governments and large buyers abroad

Find buyers and enter marketsGrants, loans and export financeContracts and disputes

Last reviewed 2026-10-20

First edition, partly verified. Every rule here links to the source we opened, and what we could not confirm is listed in the “not verified” section near the end. An independent legal and tax review is still to come: treat this as a research starting point.

Public and large-corporate buyers can mean big contracts, slow cycles and heavy paperwork. This guide goes deeper than section 7 of Selling to the United States from Canada, which introduces CCC and the Defence Production Sharing Agreement (DPSA). It covers what the sources read on 2026-10-20 say about US federal buying, the EU's TED portal, the UK's Find a Tender service, and the Canadian routes that help. Several important topics could not be sourced; they are listed in section 10 rather than guessed.

1. Orient yourself

  • Governments buy through published notices, registered suppliers and formal evaluation. Large corporations often run their own supplier portals.
  • Rules differ by country and by the size of the contract. Thresholds decide which rules apply.
  • Treaty access matters, but a treaty does not register you, find the notice or write the bid.
  • Start with a map of who buys what you sell and in which country, using Find buyers: trade shows and trade missions and Diversify beyond the US.

2. Trade agreements and procurement access

What was read

Item What the source says Source
CUSMA Chapter 13 Article 13.2(3): "This Chapter applies only as between Mexico and the United States." It does not apply between Canada and the US CUSMA ch. 13
FAR subpart 25.4 scope Covers acquisitions under the WTO Government Procurement Agreement (WTO GPA) and several free trade agreements; notes the USMCA procurement chapter is "applicable only to the United States and Mexico" FAR Part 25
Designated countries Include WTO GPA countries, FTA countries, least developed countries and Caribbean Basin countries. In the text read, Canada appears in the WTO GPA list and not in the FTA list FAR Part 25
WTO GPA thresholds in the FAR $174,000 for supply contracts and for service contracts; $6,683,000 for construction. The FAR says most thresholds are revised about every two years FAR 25.402

How to read this:

  • Canada and the US are not covered by the CUSMA procurement chapter. Canadian access to US federal contracts therefore does not come from that chapter.
  • The FAR threshold table did not mention Canada, so this guide cannot tell you which threshold applies to a Canadian-origin product or service, or which US buying agencies are covered. A trade lawyer or a CCC adviser should confirm for your product.
  • The CETA procurement chapter and the CPTPP procurement chapter were not opened. Canada's own overview of procurement chapters in its trade agreements could not be opened either. See section 10.

3. United States federal market

Registering in SAM.gov

The SAM.gov entity registration page describes four steps (SAM.gov):

  1. Decide whether you need a registration (needed to apply directly for federal awards; a Unique Entity ID alone may suffice for some reporting).
  2. Set up an account through Login.gov.
  3. Gather your entity information using the checklist on the page.
  4. Choose "Register Entity" from the Get Started page.
  • The UEI is assigned during registration. If you only want a UEI, you give your legal business name and physical address.
  • You must renew every 365 days to stay active.
  • That page does not say whether foreign entities can register, whether registration is free, or whether an NCAGE code is needed. The GSA page for foreign entities could not be opened. Confirm these before you start.

Buy American, as of FAC 2026-01

The FAR text read is Federal Acquisition Circular 2026-01, effective 2026-03-13 (FAR Part 25).

Rule What the FAR says
Domestic end product Made in the US and passes a component-cost test: domestic components must exceed 60% of total component cost, 65% for items delivered in 2024 through 2028, and 75% from 2029 (25.101(a))
Iron and steel For products made wholly or predominantly of iron or steel, foreign iron and steel must be under 5% of component cost
Off-the-shelf items The domestic content test is waived for commercially available off-the-shelf items, except iron- or steel-predominant products (excluding off-the-shelf fasteners)
Price preference When evaluating an unreasonable-cost exception, 20% is added to the lowest foreign offer against a large-business domestic offer and 30% against a small-business domestic offer (25.106(b)(1)(i))
Exceptions Include public interest, nonavailability, unreasonable cost, commissary resale and certain commercial IT (25.103, 25.202(a))
Trade agreements Buy American restrictions do not apply to acquisitions covered by trade agreements. Covered products from designated countries get non-discriminatory treatment; origin is judged by "substantial transformation" (25.001(b), (c))
Construction Contracts estimated at $6,683,000 or more are governed by subpart 25.4 (25.202(c))
  • Whether a particular Canadian product or service falls under a covered trade agreement depends on the buying agency, the contract value and the product. Subpart 25.4 as read did not list Canada as a designated country except in the civil-aircraft section. Do not assume either coverage or exclusion. Ask counsel before you price a bid.
  • Services are not subject to the end-product tests above; the services rules were not examined.
  • Check the FAR for a newer circular before you bid. This reading reflects the circular effective 2026-03-13.

Canadian Commercial Corporation (CCC) and the DPSA

  • CCC is Canada's government-to-government contracting agency. Its listed services include Deal Assist, the Global Bid Opportunity Finder (over 1 million bid opportunities from federal, state and municipal governments; free to register for Canadian businesses), International Prime Contractor and U.S. DoW Prime Contractor (CCC).
  • Under the DPSA, effective 1956-10-01, CCC acts as the US Department of War's contracting authority for acquisitions from Canada. It generally applies above the Simplified Acquisition Threshold of USD $350,000; Buy American preferences and import duties are waived for eligible Canadian defence goods, though some solicitations may still include Buy American provisions; small-business set-asides are excluded; no fees are charged to the US DoW or Canadian suppliers under the agreement (CCC DPSA).
  • CCC's International Prime Contractor service is "fee-based". It creates sole-source government-to-government contracts and executes all payments and cash flows. The page gives no fee amounts. Sectors named: aerospace, defence, construction and infrastructure, clean technologies and ICT (CCC for exporters).
  • CCC says it works with exporters of all sizes with products or services suited to foreign government buyers.

4. European Union: TED and CETA

  • TED (Tenders Electronic Daily) is the official EU portal for procurement notices. It says it "contains all active notices published in the Supplement to the EU Official Journal", including calls for tenders and contract notices from central and local bodies and utilities. Login is through EU Login. The page does not say who may bid, or whether use is free (TED).
  • TED lists notices; the rules on who can bid come from each notice and the buyer's national law.
  • CETA's procurement chapter could not be opened. The US guide lists CETA as provisionally applied and in force for Canadian exporters, citing Global Affairs, but notes that those pages did not detail services chapters. Read the procurement chapter and the specific notice before assuming access.
  • Country guides for Germany, the Netherlands and Italy cover local rules for those markets.

5. United Kingdom: Find a Tender

  • Find a Tender is the UK government service where public sector buyers publish notices about procurement opportunities and contracts (Find a Tender).
  • New procurements from 2025-02-24 are published as both above- and below-threshold notices, except below-threshold procurements in Scotland. For earlier procurements, only above-threshold notices appear, usually those over £139,688 including VAT.
  • Below-threshold contracts are listed on other services: Contracts Finder (England and other non-devolved territories), Public Contracts Scotland, Sell2Wales, and eSourcing NI or eTendersNI.
  • To use it you need a GOV.UK One Login, then you can register a buyer or supplier organisation, save searches and sign up for email alerts.
  • The page does not say whether overseas suppliers can use it, or whether use is free.
  • Canada–UK procurement access was not verified. See Selling to the UK from Canada.

6. Supplier registration: a step list

Built from the portal pages above; the order is a suggestion.

  1. Confirm your legal entity name, address and tax number are consistent everywhere.
  2. Create the portal login (Login.gov for SAM.gov, EU Login for TED, GOV.UK One Login for Find a Tender).
  3. Complete the registration or profile; diary the renewal (365 days for SAM.gov).
  4. Set saved searches by product category and country.
  5. Read the notice for the registration, language, insurance, security and bond requirements before spending time on the bid.
  6. Decide whether to bid alone, with a local partner, or through CCC.
  7. For multi-country selling, treat each country's procurement rules as separate. See Sell software and digital services across borders if your product is digital.

7. Bonding, security clearances and large-buyer programs

Bonding and guarantees

  • Bid, performance and payment bonds are common requirements in construction and some supply contracts. No surety source was opened here, so no bond rules, rates or providers are stated.
  • EDC lists an Account Performance Security Guarantee that "frees up cash that is tied up in contracts". The page does not call it a surety bond (EDC). Ask EDC and a surety broker which fits your contract.

Security clearances

  • Defence and some government contracts require personnel or facility clearances. Nothing about these was opened for this guide, so no process, time or eligibility is stated. Ask the buying agency and CCC early; clearances can take long. This last point is general practice and unsourced.

Large-corporate supplier-diversity programs

  • The Canadian Council for Indigenous Business (CCIB) lists "Supply Change", a procurement program and marketplace linking Certified Indigenous Businesses with corporate and government buyers, plus a business certification program (CCIB). The page does not describe it as a route into foreign buyers.
  • Other supplier-diversity portals, such as women-owned or minority-owned certification bodies, and individual corporate supplier portals were not opened. Check each buyer's own supplier page.

8. Checklist

  • List the foreign government and corporate buyers of your product by country.
  • Check whether the product is a good, a service or both: the rules differ.
  • Open the portal for each target market and create a login.
  • Confirm whether foreign entities can register in SAM.gov, at what cost, and what codes are needed.
  • Set saved searches and alerts on SAM.gov, TED, Find a Tender and CCC's bid finder.
  • Talk to CCC about the DPSA or International Prime Contractor route.
  • Ask a trade lawyer whether Buy American or a trade agreement applies to your bid.
  • Diary registration renewals (SAM.gov: every 365 days).
  • Read the notice for bond, insurance, security-clearance and language requirements.
  • Check payment terms and risk. See Insurance, credit and payment risk for exporters.
  • Check funding that can help with bid costs. See Export funding and financing map.
  • Decide on a local partner or subcontractor if the buyer prefers one.

9. What to ask

A trade or procurement lawyer

  • Does Buy American, the WTO GPA or another trade agreement apply to my product and this buyer?
  • What are the origin and domestic-content tests for my product?
  • What contract terms (termination for convenience, audit, IP) will bind me?

An accountant

  • How are foreign government payments taxed, and is any tax withheld?
  • Do bond or insurance costs have tax implications?

CCC, the TCS or a procurement adviser

  • Do I qualify for the DPSA route or the International Prime Contractor service, and what does it cost?
  • Which sector programs or missions target my buyers?

A surety broker

  • What bonds will this tender need, and what security will you require?

10. What this guide did not verify

  • Canada's own overview of procurement chapters in its trade agreements, the CETA and CPTPP procurement chapters, and Canada–UK procurement access. The pages could not be opened.
  • Whether foreign entities can register in SAM.gov, the cost, and NCAGE requirements.
  • Which thresholds apply to Canadian-origin products under the WTO GPA, and which US agencies are covered.
  • Services procurement rules in the FAR.
  • Surety and bonding rules, security clearance processes, and supplier-diversity programs other than CCIB.
  • Whether overseas suppliers can use Find a Tender, whether TED and Find a Tender are free, and each country's eligibility rules.
  • Canadian provincial or federal funding for bid costs.
  • Web search was unavailable for part of this research, so some pages could not be reached.

Sources opened

Research, not advice. Rules change and depend on your facts: confirm with a qualified Canadian professional before you act. Items we could not verify are labelled in the text.

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