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Selling to Mexico from Canada

Find buyers and enter marketsCross-border and sales taxStandards, certification and licencesCustoms, shipping and tariffs

Last reviewed 2026-10-20

First edition, partly verified. Every rule here links to the source we opened, and what we could not confirm is listed in the “not verified” section near the end. An independent legal and tax review is still to come: treat this as a research starting point.

This guide is for Canadian owners and managers who want to sell goods or services in Mexico, and, in section 12, for people in Mexico who want to buy from or hire Canadians. Mexican law is written and applied in Spanish and changes often, so this guide marks where a claim rests on a primary source (a statute, treaty or government page) and where it rests on a professional or commercial summary. Section 14 lists what we could not confirm. For the bigger picture of spreading risk beyond one market, see Diversify beyond the US; for the neighbouring market, see Selling to the US from Canada.

1. At a glance

Item What the sources say Source
Two-way goods trade, 2025 $62.4 billion; Mexico is Canada's third-largest single-country merchandise trading partner after the US and China Global Affairs Canada, Canada-Mexico relations
Canadian exports to Mexico, 2025 $8.9 billion; largest Canadian export market in Latin America. Leading items: automotive parts, canola, meat products, wheat Global Affairs Canada
Canadian imports from Mexico, 2025 $53.5 billion: motor vehicles, data-processing machines, fresh fruit and vegetables Global Affairs Canada
Trade, 2024 "Over $56 billion", about twelve times its level when NAFTA took effect in 1994 Global Affairs Canada news release, 13 Feb 2026
Canadian direct investment in Mexico $66 billion (2025 figure on the relations page); $46.3 billion (2024 figure in the February 2026 release). The two sources differ; check the latest Statistics Canada release before quoting either Relations page, news release
Tariffs The Trade Commissioner Service says 99% of Canada-Mexico traded goods enter tariff-free under CUSMA and CPTPP Trade Commissioner Service, Mexico
Tax treaty Canada-Mexico convention signed at Mexico City on 12 September 2006 Department of Finance Canada
Currency, language, time zones Mexican peso (MXN), Spanish, several time zones. Not confirmed from an opened source; see section 14 n/a

CUSMA status as of 20 October 2026

At the first joint review on 1 July 2026, the United States declined to confirm renewal of CUSMA (called USMCA in the US and T-MEC in Mexico). Canada and Mexico had signalled they wanted a further 16-year term. According to Blakes, the agreement stays in force until at least 1 July 2036, tariff treatment, customs procedures and rules of origin are not changing immediately, non-renewal triggers annual joint reviews under Article 34.7, and the parties can still agree to extend at any time. The same source reports that the US has preferred separate bilateral talks with Canada and Mexico rather than three-way talks. Practical reading: your preferential access to Mexico is unchanged today, but build the possibility of rule changes into long contracts (see section 5).

Other agreements

  • CPTPP: the Trade Commissioner Service lists both CUSMA and CPTPP as the agreements covering Canada-Mexico trade, and lists temporary-entry guides for Mexico under both (CUSMA, 2 May 2023; CPTPP, 1 October 2024). Rules of origin and tariff schedules differ by agreement; confirm which one gives you the better treatment on your product.
  • Political frame: the February 2026 release refers to a Canada-Mexico Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and a Canada-Mexico Action Plan 2025-2028. A Team Canada trade mission to Mexico ran 15-20 February 2026 with more than 240 organizations and 370 delegates (Global Affairs Canada).

2. Where Canadians win

We list only sectors with evidence in an opened source.

Sector Evidence Source
Automotive parts and advanced manufacturing Auto parts lead Canadian exports; Mexico has 30+ major vehicle plants and a broad supplier network; demand listed for forging, die casting, extrusion, precision machining, plastic injection moulding and electrical components Relations page, Trade Commissioner Service
Agriculture and food Mexico was Canada's fourth-largest agri-food export market in 2024 at $2.2 billion, over 25% of Canadian exports to Mexico. Canola, meat and wheat are leading exports Trade Commissioner Service
Packaged and private-label food EDC cites Moosehead (re-entered Mexico in February 2025 via the retailer Soriana, six initial orders worth CAD 207,000), Ran Foods (CAD 1.7 million private-label noodles) and Super Pufft (CAD 1.2 million private-label chips) EDC
Food-processing equipment FPS Food Process Solutions delivered about CAD 4 million of equipment to Sigma Alimentos in 2025 EDC
Aerospace and defence Clusters in Baja California, Chihuahua, Nuevo León and Querétaro (components, drones, electronics, protective gear) Trade Commissioner Service
Clean technology and energy Solar, wind, storage, hydrogen, smart grids, water and wastewater, especially in Mexico City and Monterrey; the Trade Commissioner Service lists a distributed-energy report (August 2025) and an infrastructure report (October 2025) Trade Commissioner Service
ICT and software Security technology, enterprise software and fintech listed as high potential; success stories include Off2Class (English-learning platform) and BlueKanGo (Montréal software) Trade Commissioner Service
Creative industries Mexico was Canada's seventh-largest creative export market in 2022 at $377.8 million, including $108.9 million audiovisual Trade Commissioner Service
Mining Listed as a target sector and a mining market report dated 3 September 2024 exists; we did not open it, so we give no mining figures Trade Commissioner Service

The same page also lists life sciences and a Fintech Canadian Technology Accelerator in Mexico City (26 August to 20 November 2026), both with closed intake as of the page. See Find buyers, trade shows and trade missions for how to get on the next ones.

3. Goods vs services, local entity, permanent establishment

Three ways to sell

Model Typical fit Main issues
Sell goods from Canada to a Mexican importer or distributor Manufacturers, food, equipment Customs, product standards, who is importer of record (section 6)
Provide services from Canada with no one in Mexico Software, consulting, design Withholding tax and IVA on your invoice (section 4), possible REPSE questions (below)
Local presence (subsidiary or branch) Ongoing work, local staff, long projects Mexican income tax, payroll, REPSE, accounting and e-invoicing

Local entity vs branch

The PwC summary says a Mexican branch of a foreign company is a permanent establishment (PE) and is generally taxed like a Mexican corporation, cannot deduct remittances to head office, and pays 10% withholding on profit distributions, which a treaty can reduce (PwC, branch income, reviewed 6 Aug 2026). The federal corporate income tax rate is 30% (PwC). We did not open the Mexican company-law or foreign-investment statutes, so we do not describe corporate forms (S. de R.L., S.A.) or any sector restrictions; see section 14. Compare the Canadian side in Set up a Canadian subsidiary or branch only for the mirror-image issues.

Permanent establishment under the treaty

Under the Canada-Mexico convention: - Business profits are taxable in Mexico only to the extent attributable to a PE (Article 7). - A construction site or project is a PE only if it lasts more than six months (Article 5(3)(a)). - Services create a PE if they continue for periods adding up to more than six months in any twelve-month period (Article 5(3)(b)). - An individual providing professional services creates a PE if present more than 183 days in any twelve-month period (Article 5(3)(c)).

The Department of Finance page notes that its electronic version has no official sanction. Count days carefully for staff you send to Mexico.

REPSE: services and subcontracting in Mexico

Mexico's April 2021 labour reform (published 23 April 2021) tightened subcontracting. The Federal Labour Law (last reformed 14 May 2026, per its header) says, in the text we read: - Article 12: subcontracting of personnel is prohibited, meaning supplying or making your own workers available to another party for its benefit. - Article 13: subcontracting of specialized services or works is allowed only if they are not part of the client's corporate purpose or main economic activity, and the contractor is in the public registry. Some intra-group services can qualify. - Article 14: a written contract must describe the services or works and the approximate number of workers; the client is jointly liable toward the contractor's workers if the contractor fails them. - Article 15: the contractor must register with the Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social (STPS), show it is current on tax and social security, and renew every three years. STPS decides within 20 days.

The registry is known as REPSE. A Cuatrecasas note (February 2024) describes it as applying to specialized services provided periodically, indefinitely and permanently, and explains the 2024 renewal windows.

What this means for Canadian service providers (our reading; confirm with Mexican counsel): 1. Placing your employees to work under a Mexican client's direction is the pattern the personnel-subcontracting ban targets. 2. If you deliver a defined specialized service through people employed by a Mexican entity of yours, expect the REPSE registration and contract-content rules to be relevant to you and to your client. 3. For purely remote work delivered from Canada by Canadian staff with no Mexican employees, we did not find a source on whether REPSE applies. Ask counsel before you assume it does not. 4. Mexican clients check their suppliers' REPSE status because of the joint liability in Article 14. Expect questions.

4. Tax

Mexican withholding on payments to a Canadian

Payment Mexican domestic rate (no treaty) Canada-Mexico treaty
Dividends 10% 5% if the beneficial owner is a company holding at least 10% of the voting power; 15% otherwise (Art. 10)
Interest 35% generally; some categories 4.9%, 10%, 15%, 21% Not above 10% (Art. 11); some loans, such as certain government and export-credit loans, taxable only in the recipient's state
Royalties 35% patents, trademarks, brand names, advertising; 25% copyright, know-how; 5% railway cars Not above 10% (Art. 12)
Technical assistance 25% No separate article; Art. 12(4) treats payments for information on industrial, commercial or scientific experience as royalties, so 10%
Professional services performed in Mexico 25% Business profits taxable in Mexico only with a PE (Art. 7)

Sources: domestic rates from PwC, withholding taxes, reviewed 6 Aug 2026; treaty rates from the convention. Note that the 15% portfolio treaty dividend rate is higher than the 10% domestic rate shown by PwC; ask your adviser which applies. A commercial summary says a service performed entirely outside Mexico may not create Mexican-source income and that a tax-residence certificate from the foreign tax authority is needed to claim treaty rates (Siempre al Día, updated 16 June 2026). For Canadian residence certificates, ask the CRA; we did not open the CRA process.

IVA (VAT)

  • The general IVA rate is 16% and applies to sales of goods and services, leases and imports of goods and services (Ley del IVA, art. 1; PwC, reviewed 6 Aug 2026). Imported services are subject to IVA at 16%.
  • Article 1-A of the Ley del IVA, in the text we read, requires certain payers to withhold IVA, including when buying goods or receiving services from non-resident entities without a PE in Mexico. PwC's summary describes the non-resident case for tangible goods only. Do not assume either way: ask how your Mexican customer will treat IVA on your invoice and put it in the contract.
  • Digital services by non-residents: a commercial guide states that since 1 June 2020 non-resident providers of digital services to Mexican customers must register with the tax authority (SAT), with no registration threshold, file monthly, and appoint a local representative (VAT Compliance, modified 17 Oct 2024). Digital-platform rules were expanded for 2026, including IVA withholding extending to non-residents selling goods through platforms and new SAT access to platform systems (BDO, on the 2026 reform effective 1 January 2026). See Sell software and digital services across borders.

CFDI and getting paid by a Mexican business

Mexican businesses document payments with the digital invoice (CFDI). A commercial summary says a foreign supplier with no PE cannot issue a CFDI, so it issues a commercial invoice that must show the Mexican customer's tax ID (RFC), or the customer cannot deduct the expense. The Mexican payer must also report payments abroad and, where it withholds, issue its own withholding CFDI; foreign-currency amounts are converted at the official rate on the payment date, and withholding is paid in pesos by the 17th of the following month (Siempre al Día, 16 June 2026). We could not open SAT's own pages (section 14), so ask your customer's accountant for its exact invoice requirements before you issue your first invoice. Practical step: get the customer's RFC and legal name before invoicing.

Canadian side

Canadian residents are taxed on world income, and section 126 of the Income Tax Act gives a foreign tax credit for tax paid abroad on non-business and business income, with unused business credits carried back 10 years or forward 3. If Mexico withholds, keep the withholding certificate. Exports of goods and services are generally zero-rated for GST/HST; we did not open that CRA guidance, so confirm with your accountant. See Export goods from Canada.

What to ask an accountant

  • Does my service create Mexican-source income or a PE, and which treaty article applies?
  • Which rate will my Mexican customer withhold, and will they give me the withholding certificate for my Canadian foreign tax credit?
  • How should IVA be handled on my invoice, and do I need a SAT registration?
  • What must my invoice contain so the customer can deduct it?
  • Contracts and language. Contracts with Mexican parties are usually enforced in Mexican courts or arbitration in Spanish. The arbitration guide we read says foreign awards must be filed with the authenticated award, the arbitration agreement and any necessary translations (Legal 500). Use a bilingual contract with a stated controlling language. Governing-law and court-choice rules were not verified; see section 14.
  • Arbitration and enforcement. Mexico is a signatory to the 1958 New York Convention with no substantive reservations limiting its scope. Arbitration is governed by Book Five, Title Four of the Commerce Code, largely based on the UNCITRAL Model Law. Courts may refuse recognition only on the exhaustive grounds in Article 1462 and do not review the merits; uncontested recognition may take roughly six to twelve months, longer if contested and appealed through amparo. Local institutions include the Centro de Arbitraje de México (rules updated 2022; expedited track below MXN 3 million) and the CANACO arbitration centre (Legal 500). The guide's date is not stated; it carries a 2026 footer.
  • Labour reform. See REPSE in section 3. Hiring staff in Mexico is outside what we verified; see section 14.
  • Data protection. A new federal private-sector data protection law was published on 20 March 2025 and took effect on 21 March 2025, replacing the 2010 law. INAI was dissolved and the Secretaría Anticorrupción y Buen Gobierno is the authority. Changes include new privacy-notice content rules and a broader definition of controller; the privacy notice no longer has to disclose transfers, though the author recommends keeping that information (Hogan Lovells, Mexico's new federal data protection law). For your Canadian obligations see Privacy and data rules for Canada.
  • IP. We did not open Mexican IP sources. See Protect your IP in Canada and abroad and register before you disclose designs to a distributor.
  • CUSMA risk clause. Given section 1, consider a clause on what happens to price if tariffs or rules of origin change.

What to ask a lawyer

  • Which law governs, which court or arbitration seat, and is a Spanish translation needed to enforce?
  • Could my arrangement be treated as personnel subcontracting or specialized services under the Federal Labour Law?
  • What are the distributor termination rules?
  • How do I protect my brand and designs in Mexico before shipping?

6. Customs and rules of origin

  • Origin. CUSMA preferential treatment depends on your goods meeting the rules of origin and on certification of origin. Blakes reports these are not changing immediately after the July 2026 review (Blakes). We did not open the origin text or the Canadian certification guidance; see section 14.
  • Customs broker (agente aduanal). Mexican law defines the agente aduanal as an individual authorized by a patente to promote customs clearance on behalf of others (Ley Aduanera, art. 2 and 159 reference; last reform DOF 19 Nov 2025 per its header). A trade-press article dated 16 October 2026 says a broker is not always mandatory: importers and exporters may clear goods themselves under Article 40 if they meet the conditions, including an accredited Mexican legal representative, and otherwise must use an agent or agency. It adds that under the 2026 reform patents last 20 years and agents must recertify every three years, and quotes one provider's fee range of MXN 3,500 to 8,000 per standard operation (March 2026), not an official rate (The Logistics World). We did not read Article 40 itself; confirm with a broker. In practice most Canadian exporters let their Mexican buyer, or a broker hired by the buyer, act as importer.
  • Product standards (NOMs) and certification. The Secretaría de Economía's page describes a unit for competitiveness and regulation (gob.mx/se), but we did not confirm which NOMs apply to your product; see section 14. Ask your buyer which NOMs and labels (Spanish labelling is a common issue) apply before production.
  • Linked: Export goods from Canada.

What to ask a customs broker

  • What tariff classification and NOM or permit applies to my product?
  • Who is the importer of record, and who pays duties and IVA at entry?
  • What do I need on the CUSMA origin certification, and who signs it?

7. Getting paid and FX

  • Invoice in a currency the contract names. Mexican tax treatment converts foreign-currency amounts to pesos at the official rate on the payment date, per the commercial summary in section 4. Agree who bears the withholding: a gross-up clause is common but must be negotiated, and the summary says a payer who absorbs the tax must compute it on the gross amount.
  • Reduce risk with advance or milestone payments, letters of credit, or export credit insurance; see Insurance, credit and payment risk for exporters and Get paid from abroad: FX and payments.
  • EDC has had an office in Mexico City since 2000 and Monterrey since 2002 and reports supporting about CAD 4.8 billion of business in Mexico in 2024 (EDC). The page does not list products, so ask EDC directly.
  • We did not open Banxico or bank sources, so we make no claims on Mexican bank transfer systems or FX controls; see section 14.

8. People and visas

Situation Rule Source
Canadian tourist or unpaid business visitor, up to 180 days No visa. Passport valid for the full stay and a migratory form (FMMD online if arriving by air, FMM by land). The officer sets the authorized stay, which may be shorter than 180 days. Work visas are required for paid work Travel advice, Mexico
CUSMA business visitor (sales, after-sales, marketing, etc.), no entry into the Mexican labour market No visa for stays up to 180 days if unpaid; proof of expertise, a Spanish-language employer letter, and proof of funds as specified in the guide Trade Commissioner Service, temporary entry guide
Intra-company transferee One continuous year of employment with the Canadian enterprise in the previous three; manager, executive or specialized knowledge. Visitor visa with permission for paid activities for under 180 days; temporary resident visa with work permit for longer Same guide
CUSMA professional (63 listed professions) Job offer needed; same two routes by length of stay Same guide
Trader or investor Substantial trade or investment; INM authorization valid 30 working days Same guide

The guide gives financial thresholds for business visitors (for example about CAD 55,655 in average balances) and notes visa fees must be paid in cash, without stating the amounts. Its page dates conflict (March 2023 versus June 2026), so confirm figures with the Mexican consulate before relying on them. The Mexican employer or inviting party files with the National Migration Institute (INM) for the work categories. To plan, see Bring a worker to Canada for the reverse direction.

9. Business practice

We opened no etiquette or cultural-practice sources, so this section stays practical and short. - Start with a Trade Commissioner Service contact. The service has offices in Mexico City (serving Mexico), Guadalajara (Aguascalientes, Colima, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa) and Monterrey (Nuevo León, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Chihuahua) (Trade Commissioner Service). - Flights from most major Canadian cities take generally under six hours (same page), so in-person visits are practical. - Retail routes matter in food: EDC's examples run through retailers such as Soriana and processors such as Sigma (EDC). - Spanish-language materials, a Mexican contact person and local invoicing details should be ready before the first sales meeting.

10. Funding and support

Program What the source says Source
Trade Commissioner Service Offices in Mexico City, Guadalajara, Monterrey; market reports (mining, infrastructure, distributed energy); temporary-entry guides Trade Commissioner Service
CanExport Listed as available funding for Canadian exporters; we did not open the program page, so check eligibility and deadlines there Same page
Canadian Technology Accelerators Mexico Fintech CTA 2026, Mexico City, 26 Aug to 20 Nov 2026; applications were closed as of the page Same page
EDC Offices in Mexico City (2000) and Monterrey (2002); CAD 4.8 billion of business facilitated in 2024 EDC

See Export funding and financing map and Find buyers, trade shows and trade missions.

11. Risks

From the Government of Canada travel advice for Mexico, updated 19 October 2026 (travel.gc.ca): - Overall level: exercise a high degree of caution, with regional advisories, because of high levels of crime and kidnapping. - Avoid non-essential travel to listed areas, with exceptions for named cities: Chiapas, Chihuahua (except Chihuahua City), Colima, Guanajuato (south of highways 43D and 45D), Guerrero, parts of Jalisco near the Michoacán border, Michoacán (except Morelia and Pátzcuaro), parts of Nayarit, Nuevo León (except Monterrey), Sinaloa, Sonora (except named cities), Tamaulipas (except Tampico) and Zacatecas (except Zacatecas city). Check the page for the full wording. - No state was under "avoid all travel" on the page we read. - Kidnappings, including express kidnappings, occur frequently and have targeted Canadians; use reputable taxis or ride-share apps and do not hail taxis on the street. Carjackings are common on some Pacific coast and northern border roads. - Several Trade Commissioner Service regions overlap these advisories (for example Nuevo León outside Monterrey, Chihuahua). Plan site visits with the Canadian government's advice and a local security adviser. - Corruption and counterparty diligence. We did not open Canadian foreign-bribery law or Mexican anti-corruption law sources. Do documented diligence on agents, distributors and customs intermediaries, and ask counsel about Canadian foreign-bribery rules before paying commissions. - Policy risk. CUSMA is under annual review (section 1). See also Insurance, credit and payment risk for exporters.

12. If you are in Mexico and want to work with Canadians

  • Buying goods from Canada. Leading Canadian exports to Mexico include automotive parts, canola, meat and wheat (section 1). Under CUSMA and CPTPP, 99% of Canada-Mexico traded goods enter tariff-free, per the Trade Commissioner Service. Ask the Canadian seller for its CUSMA origin certification and use your customs broker.
  • Paying a Canadian supplier. Your obligations as payer (withholding, IVA, reporting, invoice contents including your RFC) are in section 4. A Canadian service provider with no PE in Mexico generally cannot issue a CFDI (per the commercial summary), so agree the invoice format in advance.
  • Hiring or contracting Canadians. See Hire a Canadian freelancer or contractor and Hire a Canadian employee from abroad. If the Canadian will be placed under your direction in Mexico, read the personnel-subcontracting rules in section 3.
  • Selling to Canada. Mexico sent $53.5 billion of goods to Canada in 2025, led by motor vehicles, data-processing machines and fresh fruit and vegetables (Global Affairs Canada). See Import goods into Canada and Working with Canadian companies. Quebec buyers may need French-language materials: Doing business in Quebec.
  • Bringing a Canadian to Mexico. Use the categories in section 8; the Mexican side files with INM.
  • Finding Canadian partners. COMCE, the Mexican foreign-trade business council, offers business matchmaking, trade missions and foreign-trade consulting from its Mexico City headquarters (COMCE). The Canadian embassy's Trade Commissioner Service works with Canadian firms in Mexico.

13. Checklist

  • Confirm your product or service fits a sector with demand (section 2) and book a Trade Commissioner Service contact.
  • Check CUSMA rules of origin and prepare the origin certification for your goods.
  • Decide the model: sell from Canada, distributor, or Mexican entity or branch.
  • Ask an accountant whether you create Mexican-source income or a PE (6-month and 183-day tests).
  • Agree who bears Mexican withholding and IVA, in writing.
  • Collect the customer's RFC and legal name before the first invoice.
  • Obtain a Canadian tax-residence certificate if you will claim treaty rates.
  • Check REPSE and personnel-subcontracting rules if staff will work in Mexico.
  • Have a bilingual contract with governing law, arbitration seat and a CUSMA-change clause.
  • Hire or confirm a customs broker; confirm NOMs, labels and permits for your product.
  • Review the Government of Canada travel advice before every trip; plan business-visitor paperwork.
  • Do documented diligence on agents and distributors, and check export funding and credit insurance.

14. What this guide did not verify

The shell had limited access during research, and some pages could not be opened. We make no claims on these points; get professional advice: - Mexican company forms (S. de R.L., S.A.), foreign-investment rules and restricted sectors. - Governing-law and court-choice rules; Spanish-language contract requirements beyond arbitration enforcement. - SAT's own pages: non-resident registration, CFDI version and requirements, withholding certificates and annual information returns. CFDI and invoice points here come from commercial summaries. - Article 40 and Article 59 of the Ley Aduanera (self-clearance, importer registry) and the 2026 customs reform, which we read only through a trade-press summary. - CUSMA rules-of-origin text, Canadian origin-certification rules, the NOMs that apply to specific products, and Mexican labelling. - Whether REPSE applies to services delivered remotely from Canada with no Mexican staff; REPSE penalties. - Hiring in Mexico, employer-of-record structures, social security, profit-sharing. - IP: Mexican trademark, patent and copyright procedures. - Mexican FX, banking and payment systems; Canadian GST/HST zero-rating details; CRA residence certificates. - Canadian foreign-bribery law and Mexican anti-corruption law. - Mexican business etiquette; MXN, language and time-zone specifics; the date the Canada-Mexico tax convention entered into force. - Entry rules for Mexican business visitors to Canada. - The discrepancy between the 2024 and 2025 Canadian direct investment figures in Global Affairs Canada sources, and between GAC and EDC on Mexico's rank among Canadian trading partners (third on GAC pages; fifth in an EDC release). - The Secretaría de Economía page we opened appears to be outdated in places, so we use it only to identify the agency. The Canadian customs broker and Mexican law-firm pages we tried either lacked Mexico content or could not be opened.

15. Sources opened

Research, not advice. Rules change and depend on your facts: confirm with a qualified Canadian professional before you act. Items we could not verify are labelled in the text.

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